Garnet
Garnet
Large gem group covering red, green, orange, pink, purple and color-change varieties
Brown
Color Change
Green
Orange
Pink
Purple
Red
Optical characteristics
- Ref. index
- 1.714 – 1.888
- Luster
- Vitreous to adamantine
- Pleochroism
- None
- Fluorescence
- Generally inert to UV; some pyrope shows orange under LW UV.
Source localities
Tanzania
Tanzania: Merelani Hills
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★ Top Source
Tanzania produces tsavorite, umbalite, color-change garnet and malaya from diverse deposits.
Russia
Russia: Ural Mountains / Siberia
Legendary
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The Ural Mountains are the historic and most prestigious source of demantoid garnet.
Kenya
Kenya: Tsavo region
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Kenya Tsavo is the co-primary source of tsavorite garnet alongside Tanzania.
Czech Republic
Czech Republic: Bohemian garnet localities
Notable
Bohemia is the traditional source for pyrope garnet used in vintage and estate jewelry.
Mali
Mali: garnet localities
Notable
★ Top Source
Mali produces grossular-andradite (grandite) garnets with distinctive yellow-green color, along with spessartite.
Namibia
Namibia: Erongo / Green Dragon area
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Namibia produces fine demantoid garnet with characteristic horsetail inclusions.
Enhancement & treatment
Inclusions & features
Crystals Crystal Inclusions
Under 10x loupe: solid, well-formed mineral crystals trapped inside the host gem. They may…
Fractures Feathers and Fractures
Under 10x loupe: irregular internal surfaces that catch light and appear bright, wing-like, or…
Fractures Fingerprint Inclusions
Under 10x loupe: curved or wavy lines of tiny dots forming patterns that look…
Multiphase Two-Phase Inclusions
Under 10x loupe: a transparent irregular cavity containing both a liquid phase and a…